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Orbital and conjunctival nontuberculous mycobacteria infection
Chin-Tzu Kuo1, Yen-Ta Chen1, I-Lun Tsai1, Ching-Yao Tsai2, Zoe Tzu-Yi Chen3
1 Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
2 Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital; Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
3 Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital; Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Correspondence Address:
Zoe Tzu-Yi Chen,
Taipei City Hospital, No. 145, Zhengzhou Road, Datong District, Taipei City 10341
Taiwan
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None DOI: 10.4103/2211-5056.354534
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A 64-year-old female developed refractory red-eye with itching and watery discharge 2 weeks after being injured by a comb in the left eye. It presented as diffuse pinkish thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva. Biopsy and histological examinations revealed granulomatous inflammation with microgranuloma. Acid-fast-positive bacilli were found within the tissue, which was identified by culture 5 weeks later as Mycobacterium Abscessus. The orbital computed tomography with contrast medium showed irregular enhancement with an ill-defined margin along the inferior sclera. Due to symptomatic and recurrent bulbar conjunctival thickening and abscess-like lesion formations, wide excision of the conjunctival and orbital granuloma with amniotic membrane transplantation was performed twice. Conjunctiva inflammation subsided after the surgical treatment was combined with 4 months of topical and parenteral antimycobacterial treatment. The presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of ocular nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection will be discussed in this article. NTM can cause infections of all adnexal and ocular tissues in patients with ocular trauma or surgical history. The pathological findings were granulomatous inflammation without true caseating. Periocular cutaneous, adnexal, and orbital NTM infections remain rare and require surgical debridement and long-term parenteral antibiotic therapy.
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